Рефераты по иностранным языкам

Balancing inflation and the ruble

05 Декабря 2011, реферат

The move by Russia’s central bank to lift the refinancing rate at its last meeting brought economic focus back to inflation, with crude and commodity prices, the ruble, and the economic recovery all factors to be balanced in the response.
Inflation took off in January, with the surge in crude prices and commodities generally leading to fears it could go higher. Vladimir Tikhomirov, Chief economist at Otkritie says the full inflationary impact of the recent surge in oil prices has yet to be felt.

Banksystem in Russland

26 Марта 2011, реферат

Das heutige Banksystem der Russischen Föderation existiert seit August 1988, als die erste Geschäftsbank registriert wurde.
Das Banksystem Russlands zeichnet sich durch eine zweistufige Struktur aus. Die erste Stufe besteht aus den Staatsbanken und Banken, wo der Staat über Aktienposten verfügt bzw. ein Kontrollpaket von den Aktien oder eine Aktienmehrheit hat.

Baroka laikmets mūzikā

27 Мая 2011, реферат

Ļoti spilgti iezīmējās baroka (itāliski barocco – dīvains, jocīgs) strāvojums. Barokam raksturīga dinamika, trauksmainība. Mūzikā šīs iezīmes papildina spēcīgu efektu iemiesošana krasos, spējos kontrastos. Līdztekus operai un oratorijai parādās jaunas formas un žanri: partita, svīta, fūga, koncerts u.c.

Belarus State Economic University

20 Декабря 2012, лекция

OUR UNIVERSITY: Belarus State Economic University - is one of the biggest educational institutions in Belarus, training specialists in the area of business administration, economics and law.
Founded. in 1933, BSEU has prepared more than 60 thousand specialists working in all branches of economy in Belarus and abroad.
About 15 thousand students and post-graduates study at our University.

Belarusian character

26 Января 2012, сочинение

First of all, let us see what has been influencing the formation of the Belarusian national character. We`ll start with the natural and climatic conditions.

Bildungssystem der Ukraine

13 Марта 2012, доклад

In unserem Land hat jeder das Recht zu lernen und sich zu bilden. Aber nicht nur das Recht zu lernen,sondern auch die Pflicht. Jeder Junge und jedes Mädchen in der Ukraine muss in die Schule gehen, das heißt, sie mussen die mittlere Reife bekommen.

Biography of Family

19 Ноября 2011, доклад

Patrick and Maria Bronte had six children (from oldest to youngest): Maria, Elizabeth, Charlotte, Branwell, Emily, and Anne. Soon after Patrick had been appointed to a parish in Haworth, Yorkshire, his wife died, leaving the parson and the young children behind (the oldest, Maria, only seven years old).

Black english

19 Февраля 2013, реферат

The topic of the course paper is to study Black English as a sociolect of American variant of English language, analyze its linguistics aspects, especially phonetic, grammatical, lexical formed in the process of historical development. The historic development and linguistics characteristics make up the core content of work. Black English is the communicative and social system, originally created at the intersection of three dimensions – social class, ethnic and territorial

Bloody mary

13 Декабря 2012, доклад

Королева Мария I Англии родился 18 февраля 1516, дочь короля Генриха VIII и его первой из шести жен, Екатериной Арагонской. Мария была единственным ребенком от этого союза, чтобы выжить младенчестве. Она царствовала как королева Англии с 19 июля 1553 до своей смерти 17 ноября 1558.
Queen Mary I of England was born February 18, 1516, the daughter of King Henry VIII and his first of six wives, Catherine of Aragon. Mary was the only child from that union to survive infancy. She reigned as Queen of England from July 19, 1553 until her death on November 17, 1558.

British spelling American spelling

19 Октября 2011, научная работа

Every language allows different kinds of variations: geographical or territorial, perhaps the most obvious, stylistic, the difference between the written and the spoken form of the standard national language and others. It is the national language of England proper, the USA, Australia, New Zealand and some provinces of Canada. It is the official language of Wales, Scotland, in Gibraltar and on the island of Malta. Modern linguistics distinguishes territorial variants of a national language and local dialects. Variants of a language are regional varieties of a standard literary language characterized by some minor peculiarities in the sound system, vocabulary and grammar and by their own literary norms.

Budget system of Turkmenistan

05 Марта 2013, реферат

The state budget of Turkmenistan as the tool for economic management of financial resources of the country is being worked out in line with the Law of Turkmenistan “ On Budget System” which determines new approaches of budget formation. As from 1997 its structure is being improved according to international standards.
This Law fixes legal foundations of organizing management and operating budget system, regulates interrelations between budgets of all levels.

Business organization

01 Апреля 2011, контрольная работа

During the life every person is more or less connected with various organizations; there is no organization without people, there no people which are not connected with an organization. Here we will speak about a business organization (a commercial enterprise), exercising the function of managing production, distribution and sale of goods and services for the buyers’ benefit and sellers’ profit. If a group of people wants to form of an organization, they should consider the following conditions: a) presence of at least two persons; b) presence of at least one general goal; c) presence of a team of members who have intention to work together in order to achieve this general goal.

Business consultant

05 Декабря 2011, аттестационная работа

A business consultant has many different roles including working as a speaker, trainer, and writer as well as providing risk analysis and responding to questions and concerns posed by the clients. A business consultant works very closely with the management team, board of directors or business owner to research current information as required and to prepare and present findings in a meaningful way. The business consultant may be brought in to deal with one specific topic or issue or may be hired to help upgrade or update all the policies and procedures within the organization.
A business consultant may specialize in one type of industry such as environmental, manufacturing or finance. He or she usually has extensive personal experience in the field as well as having a background in business administration, business finance and personnel management. The consultant will determine risks associated with various business ventures, will make educated predictions about various policies and practices, and will provide specific information to the management team as required.

Business meetings

29 Апреля 2013, реферат

Negotiations - the tool, the relationship between people, are designed to an agreement where both parties have equal or
conflicting interests. The talks are intended primarily to help with mutual exchange to get the interest of both parties to the agreement and achieve the results that would be acceptable to all participants. Talks - Management is in action. They consist of presentations and responses presentations, questions and answers, objections and evidence. Talks can occur easily or hard, partners may agree. an easily or with difficulty, or not at all to come to agree. Therefore, for each negotiation to develop and apply special tactics and techniques in their authority.

Cambridge

13 Декабря 2011, реферат

Cambridge is mainly a town of students. Cambridge University is one of the oldest universities in Great Britain. Many great men studied at Cambridge, among them Newton, the scientist, Bacon, the philosopher, Milton, the poet, Cromwell the soldier and statesman.

Carl Friedrich Gauss

09 Марта 2012, биография

Carl Friedrich Gauss is considered to be the greatest German mathematician of the nineteenth century. Sometimes he is also called a “prince of mathematics”. Almost all mathematicians consider him to be one of the three greatest, along with Archimedes and Newton, and some consider him to be the greatest of all time, however, he is hardly known to the general public.

Causes and major events of Peloponnesian War

20 Августа 2011, реферат

Let’s remember the earlier events. In the years when there was Persian war, conflict between Athens and Sparta seemed not so strong, Themistocles, whom the ancient historians considered as a talented politician, and person who could foresee events begins to build walls around the city. During the struggle between Greeks and Persians (457 - 446 BC.) two most powerful states in Greece had a desire to dominate and as the result they had military clashes. Peloponnesian War was the result of increasing controversy.

Celebrating the New Year with Television

10 Марта 2013, контрольная работа

Some of my overseas friends asked how I celebrated the turn of the Centuty in Los Angeles. Here is how I have done it. Don’t be surprised! I stayed at home with my family. We had television reports from every major city’s celebrations throughout New Year’s Eve. We started with Wellington? New Zealand at 4:00 a.m. and moved to Sydney, then Bangkok, Bombay, Moscow (1:00 in the afternoon for us), and on and on to the west.

Century of surprise

12 Ноября 2010, доклад

Browse through an album of old photographs, and you will find that Americans at the end of the 19th century look anything but modern. Men were still sporting top hats and bowlers, while women were decked out in long dresses and elaborate bonnets. Many new buildings of that era now also seem like relics from the past. Twentieth-century world's fairs presented visions of the future, yet the showpieces constructed for the fairs in Chicago (1893) and St. Louis (1904) still followed classical traditions taught in the leading architectural schools of the previous century.

Chapter 5 Strategy

12 Декабря 2010, реферат

There were nine elements out which there were chosen five the most important, which can contribute to the supporting of Vikada`s problematic situation, and which are next:

1.Report with analysis of Dutch market, identifying the most relevant competitors and customers target groups;
2.Report with a recommended specific marketing mix for one (or several) early selected target groups;
3.Establishing of face to face contact with several Dutch potential customers (businesses) based on visiting program to the Netherlands;
4.An established workshop with several Dutch stakeholders discussing the pros and cons of the product in the presence of Vikada;
5.Recommendations for improving specific value chain elements of Vikada, including the production process and outboard logistics.

Characteristic features of expressing negation in English language

16 Февраля 2015, реферат

Topicality. Over the last 15 years the study of negation has occupied a central position in formal linguistics. Negation has proven to be one of the core topics in syntactic and semantic theories. It is interesting for many reasons: it is present in every language in the world; it exhibits a range of variation with respect to the way it can be expressed or interpreted; it interacts with many other phenomena in natural language; and finally, due to its central position in the functional domain, it sheds light on various syntactic and semantic mechanisms and the way these different grammatical components are connected.

Characteristics of the translation task

25 Февраля 2012, доклад

Characteristics of the translation task refers to the information flow intended for the output, from the point of view of the agent (human or otherwise) who receives the translation.
Stakeholders
Developers; research sponsors; commercial investors, buying agents, operational managers, end users.

China von

07 Июня 2013, доклад

China von den einstigen Zeiten zog die Europäer, der Weise des Lebens, der Kultur und den Traditionen heran. Aber was wir von der chinesischen Nation wissen? Wohl, nur, was die geduldigste und fleißige Nation in der Welt ist, fähig, in beliebigen Bedingungen zu arbeiten. Sie erzeugen sehr viel am meisten verschiedenen Waren, nicht der höchsten Qualität. Die chinesischen Waren dank dem optimalen Verhältnis des Preises und der Qualität sind in der Welt gefordert, obwohl die sehr zweifelhafte Reputation haben.

China’s industrial and foreign trade policies: what are they and how successful have they been?

11 Мая 2011, реферат

This paper briefly considers two major questions about China’s industrial and foreign economic policies. First, what is the best way to describe China’s economic growth model, particularly as it relates to international trade and investment? And second, how successful has this model been, not only in generating high GDP growth, but in respect of three other criteria

Clinton, Bill

03 Февраля 2013, реферат

Политическая система США в общем, и избирательный процесс в частности, отчетливо персонифицированы. Большинство т.н. “групп интересов” стремятся оказать непосредственное влияние на избирательный процесс и даже выдвинуть своего лидера, “босса” кандидатом в президенты. Реальная борьба разворачивается, как правило, между главными политическими фигурами, олицетворяющими интересы определенных финансово-экономических и политических кругов, социальных слоев и группировок, стоящих за республиканской и демократической партиями.

Communication, culture, contecs and power

22 Октября 2011, лекция

cultural values, culture, cultural time, formal time, informal time, monochrone time orientation, polychrone time orientation, high culture, low culture, long-term versus short-term orientation, masculinity-femininity value, popular culture, power distance, symbolic significance, uncertainty avoidance.

Conceptual art

02 Мая 2011, доклад

Conceptual art is art in which the concept(s) or idea(s) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. Many of the works, sometimes called installations, of the artist Sol LeWitt may be constructed by anyone simply by following a set of written instructions.[1] This method was fundamental to LeWitt's definition of Conceptual art, one of the first to appear in print:

Construction

06 Ноября 2012, сочинение

Building construction is the process of adding structure to real property. The vast majority of building construction jobs are small renovations, such as addition of a room, or renovation of a bathroom. Often, the owner of the property acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project. However, all building construction projects include some elements in common – design, financial, estimating and legal considerations. Many projects of varying sizes reach undesirable end results, such as structural collapse, cost overruns, and/or litigation reason, those with experience in the field make detailed plans and maintain careful oversight during the project to ensure a positive outcome. The causes of these deficiencies can be complex.

Control blood pressure

08 Апреля 2013, реферат

To control your blood pressure, your body must adjust how much blood is pumped through your heart. Your body must also adjust the amount of pressure in your blood vessels.

How Your Brain Responds. When your blood pressure begins to fall too low, a signal is sent to your brain. Your brain responds by producing chemicals called neurotransmitters. Certain neurotransmitters, called catecholamines, cause your heart to beat faster and more forcefully and cause your blood vessels to tighten. These actions increase your blood pressure.

Corporate Culture

04 Января 2011, реферат

Managers in Russia didn’t use definition of the organizational culture long time, but it doesn’t mean that in our country we haven’t organizations with strong corporate culture. We can find this organizations in machine industry, secondary industry and in other organizations of key industries. This is a big organizations with a great history of existence and with huge establishment. In condition of high competition environment and dynamic business environment we can hear discussion about importance of generation philosophy of company and development of organizational culture.