Організація рослинництва і перспективи його розвитку у ВП НАУ Великоснітинське НДГ ім. О. В. Музиченка

Автор: Пользователь скрыл имя, 10 Ноября 2011 в 20:03, курсовая работа

Краткое описание

On all stages of development of agriculture one of basic directions there is a production of goods of plant-grower, and ground of measures in relation to his stabilizing and increase of efficiency – the national task.
Actuality of agricultural production efficiency problem, particular, in the plant-production, at modern terms goes out into the first place among other important problems. A decision and realization of problem are forming of the real welfare of population of country, increase of its food safety.

Оглавление

Introduction
Chapter 1. Organization and modern state of plant-growing development.
1.1. Natural and economic terms of the enterprise 4
1.2. Specialization of the enterprise 5
1.3. Organization of plant-growing 7
1.4. Economic efficiency of plant-grower goods production 11
Chapter 2. Planning of plant-production development.
2.1. A ground of the productive program of the plant-growing
2.1.1. Planning of the use of the lands 13
2.1.2. Planning of the productivity of agricultural cultures 15
2.1.3. Planning the size of sowing areas, production of goods and it’s distribution 19
2.2. Planning of capital goods 25
2.3. Planning of labour resources 28
2.4. Planning of prime price and realization of plant-grower products 29
Chapter 3. Prospects of plant-production development. 33
Conclusions and suggestions 36
List of the used literature

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     Dynamics of gross collections, productivity and area of basic agricultural cultures in VP NAU Velukosnitunske NDG of O. V. Muzuchenko

Indexes Winter wheat Barley Corn
2007 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009 2009
Sowing area, ha 600 600 500 400 250 300 128
Gross collection, c 23075 29228 19354 11737 9646 12042 8884
Productivity, c/ha 38,5 48,7 38,7 29,3 38,9 40,1 69,4
 

     Let’s consider as certain factors influence on the changes of mass of income at the production of winter wheat and barley in the table 5.

     Table 5

     Dynamics of change of realization of products and profit yield

Index Winter wheat Barley
2007 2009 Change (+, -) 2007 2009 Change (+, -)
Realization of production, c 11659 18265 6606 4420 1120 -3300
Profit yield from

realization, thousand grn.

984,5 1349,1 364,6 337,4 67,3 -270,1
 

     Conclusion. Realization of winter wheat increased on 56,7 %, and barley - diminished on 74,7 %, a profit yield from realization changed in the same directions (on 37 % and 80 % accordingly).

     In the process of production of goods, agricultural enterprises use capital and circulating assets.

     Such capital goods which participate in the process of production of goods repeatedly and carry the cost on the created product by the parts behave to the capital productive assets.

     By indexes, which characterize economic efficiency of the use of funds there are fund returning, fund capacity and norm of income.

     Fund capacity – is a cost of gross products calculating on unit of capital productive assets.

     Fund returning – is a cost of capital productive assets of the agricultural setting calculating on a 1 hrn. of cost of gross products.

     The material well-being of the enterprise and efficiency of the capital productive assets usage in a dynamics for 3 years are shown in a table 6. [1]

     Table 6

     Capital productive assets and its usage in VP NAU Velukosnitunske NDG of O. V. Muzuchenko

Capital productive assets, th. grn.: 2007 2008 2009 2009 tо 2007, %
- on 1 ha of agricultural lands 5,2 6,5 7,3 140,4
- on a 1 average annual worker 70,8 92,7 111,4 157,3
fund returning, hrn. 0,9 0,8 0,8 88,9
fund capacity, hrn. 1,2 1,2 1,3 108,3
 

     For investigated period of time, the average annual cost of capital assets of the enterprise increased on a 6136 thousand hrn. and it explains the increase of their cost on 1 hectare of agricultural lands. As for the part on a 1 average annual worker, then such wide difference (in a 40,6 thousand hrn.) between 2009 and in 2007 can be explained also by the reduction of quantity of employees. Due to the disproportionate diminishing to the cost of gross products and change of cost of capital productive assets economic indicators of efficiency of the use of capital productive assets were following: fund returning went down in a dynamics from 2007 year for 2009 on 0,1 grn., and fund capacity increased on 0,1 grn.

     The organization and payment of labour of enterprise are shown in a table 7.

   Thus the quantity of employees reduced in plant-production on the 11 % and in stock-raising on the 77 %, but the payment of labour and labour productivity increased on 25% and 6% accordingly.

   Money estimation of labour resources:

   Гтр = 884 · 12 · 20 · 193 = 40946880 grn. 

     Table 7

     The payment of labour

Indexes 2007 2008 2009
Average annual quantity of employees: 217 209 193
- in plant-production 65 71 58
- in stock-raising 152 138 35
Is worked, total, m/hrs 518961 495800 -
Annual labour productivity, grn. 36700 39024 -
The coefficient of the labour resources usage 0,16
Average monthly payment of one worker, grn 974 1296 -
 

   1.4. Економічна ефективність продукції рослинництва

   В ефективності виробництва відображається вплив комплексу взаємопов’язаних факторів, які формують її рівень і  визначають тенденції розвитку. Економічна ефективність показує кінцевий корисний  результат від застосування всіх виробничих ресурсів й визначається порівнянням одержаних результатів і витрат виробничих ресурсів. У сільському господарстві – це одержання максимального обсягу продукції з 1 га землі з найменшими витратами засобів і праці. [12]

   Для оцінки економічної ефективності сільськогосподарського виробництва в цілому по підприємстві використовують цілу систему показників. Проведемо їх розрахунок і занесемо в таблицю 7.1.

   Отже, дані таблиці показують, що виробництво  культур, які у структурі грошових надходжень займають найбільші частки значно коливалися. Рентабельність виробництва озимої пшениці зменшилась майже у 4 рази порівняно з 2007 р., а вирощування ячменю навпаки стало прибутковішим на 20 % (з 17,4 до 20,8 грн. на 1 ц). Варто зазначити, що 2008 р взагалі був збитковим по відношенню до обох культур. 
 
 
 

   Таблиця 7.1

   Економічна  ефективність виробництва  продукції рослинництва у ВП НАУ Великоснітинське НДГ ім. О. В. Музиченка

Показники Пшениця озима Ячмінь  ярий Кукурудза на зерно
2007 2008 2009 2007 2008 2009 2009
Собівартість 1 ц, грн. 71,1 93,3 70,4 58,9 89,6 39,3 39
Ціна  реалізації 1 ц, грн. 84,4 87,4 73,9 76,3 78,4 60,1 41,9
Прибуток, збиток (-) на 1 ц, грн. 13,3 -5,9 3,5 17,4 -11,2 20,8 2,9
Рівень  рентабельності, збитковості (-), % 18,8 -6,3 4,9 29,6 -12,5 53 7,5
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

   Chapter 2. Planning of plant-production development. 

   2.1. A ground of the productive program of the plant-growing

   Planning in agricultural enterprises leans against the system of objective economic laws of market economy. Through planning agricultural enterprises determine rates and proportions of production development which must provide the greatest indexes of its economic efficiency.

     Planning of agricultural production is scientifically reasonable establishment of levels of economic and social development of agricultural enterprises for a concrete planned period through the system of high-quality and quantitative indexes and determination of complex of measures in relation to achievement of the set levels of development. At planning it is necessary to set the optimal proportions of the extended recreation in agricultural enterprises and foresee the high-efficiency use of resource potential of enterprises. Planning of production in agricultural enterprises must be based on data of scientific forecasts.  [9] 

     2.1.1. Planning of the use of the lands

     In the lands usage plan we show actual composition of them on the first November of financial year, planned year and the use in a planned year. At the same time foresee the measures of improvement of earth : irrigation, drainage, reconstruction of irrigation network, liming of sour soils, gypsuming and others like that (table 8). [5]

     Як  бачимо, у 2009 році у ВП НАУ Великоснітинське НДГ ім. Музиченка відбулися деякі  зрушення у земельному фонді, зокрема  зменшилася кількість ріллі. А основна  частина земель була виділена під  заліснення та пасовища. 
 
 
 

     Table 8

     The balance of the lands and their usage

Types of lands A presence of lands on the beginning of planned year, ha Usage in the planned year Composition of lands on the end of the planned year
under sowing for haymakings under the book-mark of the new planting for creation of farms ha % to the total
The general landed area in the use 2960         2960 100
All agricultural lands 2960         2960 100
including: plough-land 2605 +3     -8 2600 87,8
haymakings 161   +2     163 5,5
All the forests 85,3     +6   91,3 3,1
including: bushes 17,1 -3 -2     12,1 0,41
Other lands (beams) 106,4     -6   100,4 3,2

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