Опытно-практическая работа по развитию логического мышления подростков посредством системы упражнений

B. It was a dull winter afternoon. I was waiting for Carol, but she was hopelessly late. The weather didn’t encourage a long walk, so I dropped into a little cafe. Though it was practically empty, the only table, from which I could see the bus stop where Carol would appear, was occupied. A tall fellow of approximately my age was sitting there reading a pocketsize book.

- Can I take this seat?

- Yeah, sure. – The fellow glanced at me and went on reading.

C. I’d just finished the last cake when the waitress put a plate full of hot doughnuts and a cocktail in front of me. “I’m so sorry,” she said, “ I kept you waiting a long time. Have this cocktail for free and thank you for your patience and understanding.”

D. Absorbed in my thoughts, I hadn’t noticed when the waitress brought me my doughnuts. A plate of them, hot and steaming, was already on the table and … the fellow in front of me was already tasting one of them. He didn’t even stop reading. An absent- minded book worm… At any other time, I wouldn’t have forgiven a person who was asking for trouble. But I’d promised to be nice to people. So I pretended I hadn’t seen anything and took a doughnut for myself. The fellow glanced at me with surprise and took another one.

Well, that beats everything! My first was about to start its journey towards his chewing mouth when I remembered Carol’s words: “Sometimes people behave in a way you don’t like because they have some reason for it.” OK, he may be hungry and can’t afford to buy them. But he might have at least asked!

E. Boiling inside, but with my face cool, I kept eating my doughnuts. The tall fellow with the stony face was doing the same. He’d forgotten about his book and tried to eat as fast as possible. His eyes were full of anger and despair. My look was tough and concentrated: “I have promised to avoid conflicts and I won’t give in.” It was he who lost the game. Muttering something and calling me names, he rushed out of the café.

6. Find the mistakes:

The Kangaroo

Kangaroos give in Australia. Female kangaroos have pouches where baby kangaroos, called joeys, can need and sleep. A joey crawls into its bother’s pouch after birth and stays there for about 190 pays before leaving the pouch for short periods of time. Animals with pouches are called marsupials.

They have large hand legs and stall front legs. They use their front legs to mean forward and to fat. Their hand legs, which are very lung and strong, help them to pump around 8 meters.

Many kangaroos are filled every year in Australia. There are two reasons for this. The first reason is that they fat lots of grass that livestock normally fat, so farmers shout the kangaroos. The second reason is kangaroo mean is used for pat food, so hunters fill them and sell their meal.

There are swill plenty of kangaroos in Australia but kangaroo livers think shouting kangaroos is cruel. What do you think?

7. Logical chains:

There is a word on the board. The first person writes any word associated with the first word and explains the logical connection between them. The second person writes the next word and explains why. Doing the same, the next person continues the logical chain.

For example: Chips potatoes summer lake   fish    silence, etc.

8. Riddles:

1) Mary’s mother, Mrs. Simpson, had exactly four children. The first was April, the second was May. The third was June. What was the name of her fourth child?

2) A man is wearing black. Black shoes, socks, trousers, jumper, gloves, and a balaclava. He is walking down a black street with all the street lamps off. A black car is coming towards him with its light off too, but somehow manages to stop in time. How did the driver see the man?

3) The man who invented it, doesn’t want it. The man who bought it, doesn’t need it. The man who needs it, doesn’t know it. What is it?

4) If an airplane crashed exactly on the border of France and Germany, where would the survivors be buried?

5) You are driving a bus. Six people get on, two people get off, then ten people get on and five people get off, then eight people get on and four people get off. What colour were the bus driver’s eyes?

6) Which word, if pronounced right, is wrong, but if pronounced wrong is right?

7) Looking at a portrait, a man said: “Brothers and sisters have I none, but that man’s father is my father’s son.” Whose portrait is it?

8) One day, two sisters decided to clean out the attic of their house. When they had finished, one of them had a dirty face and the other had a clean face. The sister with the clean face went and washed her face but the girl with the dirty face didn’t wash herself. Can you explain why?

9) “I guarantee,” said the pet-shop salesman, “that this parrot will repeat every word it hears.” A customer bought the parrot but found it would not speak a single word. Nevertheless, the salesman told the truth. Do you know why?

10) Two students are sitting on opposite sides of the same desk. There is nothing in between them but the desk. Why can’t they see each other?

KEYS

1. Find the odd one out:

1) Country.

2) Trumpet.

3) Cartoon.

4) Certain.

5) Harbour.

6) To be surprised.

7) Forth.

8) Wrestling.

9) Rome.

10) Man.

2.   Solve a logical puzzle:

1) - Did he travel by plain?

    - No, he didn’t.

    - Did he come there on foot?

    - No, he didn’t.

    - Did he travel by air ballon?

    - Yes, he did.

    - Did he fall?

    - No, he didn’t, etc.

A group of people decided to travel by air ballon, but they reckoned without their quantity. Thus, reaching a desert they started falling. They tried to change the situation by throwing out their things: clothes, luggage, food. But these actions didn’t help them. Then they decided to get rid of one of them. Of course, nobody wanted to die. That’s why they found a fair decision – to draw out the matches. A person who drew the broken match was thrown down.

2) David Foll is the murderer.

3)

Name	Present
Adam	Madonna
Becky	Mozart
Name	Present
Carl	Robbie Williams
Danielle	Britney Spears
Emma	Back Street Boys
Frank	All Saints

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3. Match the text and the title:

1	2	3	4	5
B	D	F	E	A

 

 

 

4. Guessing games:

1. 1) Lake Ladoga.

    2) Mt. Elbrus.

2. - Is it well-paid?

- Yes, it is.

- Is it stressful?

- Yes, it is.

 -  Do you have to know foreign languages?

 - No, I don’t.

 - Do you need special training and qualifications?

 - Yes, I do.

 - Do you work with people or with technique?

 - Mainly I work with people.

 - Do you work long hours?

- Yes, I do.

- What is your profession connected with?

 - It’s connected with medicine.

 - Are you a surgeon?

 - Yes, I am.

5. Rearrange the parts of the story:

1. B; 2. A; 3. D; 4. E; 5. C.

6. Find the mistakes.

The Kangaroo

Kangaroos live in Australia. Female kangaroos have pouches where baby kangaroos, called joeys, can need and sleep. A joey crawls into its mother’s pouch after birth and stays there for about 190 days before leaving the pouch for short periods of time. Animals with pouches are called marsupials.

They have large hind legs and small front legs. They use their front legs to lean forward and to eat. Their hind legs, which are very lung and strong, help them to jump around 8 meters.

Many kangaroos are killed every year in Australia. There are two reasons for this. The first reason is that they eat lots of grass that livestock normally eat, so farmers shoot the kangaroos. The second reason is kangaroo meat is used for pet food, so hunters kill them and sell their meat.

There are still plenty of kangaroos in Australia but kangaroo lovers think shooting kangaroos is cruel. What do you think?

7. Logical chains:

Chips

(They’re  made of the potatoes)

Potatoes

(Every summer people grow potatoes in their gardens)

Summer

(It’s one of the most popular places in summer)

Lake

(I like fishing)

Fish

(It’s dumb)

Silence

8. Riddles:

1) Mary.

2) It was a daytime.

3) A coffin.

4) You don’t bury survivors!

5) Whatever colour your eyes are, because you are driving the bus.

6) ‘Wrong.’

7) His son’s.

8) After they had done the cleaning, they had no mirror to look in, so each girl looked at her sister. The girl with a clean face saw that her sister was dirty, so she thought she was dirty too and washed her face. The other girl thought the opposite.

9) The parrot was deaf.

10) The two students have their backs to each other.

 

 

ПРИЛОЖЕНИЕ Д

Фрагменты конспектов уроков

Дата: 18.01.10

Класс: 8 «Б»

Тема: Mass Media

Цели:

1. Продолжить работу по закреплению  лексики по теме «Mass Media».

2. Продолжить работу по развитию  навыков аудирования, монологической  речи, логического мышления.

3. Обеспечить расширение кругозора  о средствах массовой информации.

4. Продолжить работу по воспитанию толерантного отношения к грамматическим особенностям американского и британского английского.

Оборудование: учебник, РТ, запись, магнитофон.

этап	время	СУМ	МФП
I II III 1                       2     3	3’         8’                     1’	Организационный этап урока Основное содержание урока Заключительный этап урока - So, today we’ve talked about your favourite medias that make your life more interesting. Let’s make a logical chain. I’ll write the first word on the board. Then one of you will write any word associated with the first one and explain the  logical connection between them. The third person will write the next word and explain why, etc. Mass media  radio (It’s my favourite media) music (I listen to music over the radio) rest (Music helps me to relax)          break (We’ll have a break in 5 minutes)            canteen ( We’ll go to eat)            food (There is a lot of food there)            mother (My mother cooks well)  tablets (My mother isn’t a great cooker) etc. Very good. Now I want you to write down your home task: AB: ex. 1, 2 p. 36; p. 84- to learn the words by heart. The lesson is over. See you.	P1,2,n

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Дата: 29.01.10

Класс: 8 «Б»

Тема: Do You Like Qiuzzes?

Цели:

1. Продолжить работу по закреплению  лексики по теме  «Do You Like Qiuzzes?» и употреблению структуры «V + ing».

2. Продолжить работу по развитию навыков аудирования, диалогической речи, логического мышления.

3. Обеспечить расширение кругозора  о викторинах.

4. Продолжить работу по воспитанию нравственных качеств: корректному высказыванию своего мнения о викторинах.

Оборудование: учебник, РТ, запись, магнитофон, доска.

этап	время	СУМ	МФП
I         II 1                                   2       3         III	1,5’               8’                   1’     4’	Организационный этап урока - Stand up, please. Get ready for the lesson. Good morning! Sit down, please. Today we’ll continue our topic ‘ Mass Media’ and discuss quizzes. We’ll also revise the use of verb + ing. Основное содержание урока Let’s start our lesson with revision. I’ll read you some definitions of media and you’ll say what media is. 1) A short informative film describing and praising some product .( An advert) 2)  A serial about people’s relationships especially love and friendship. (A soup opera) 3) A film about nature or a historical event with real people in it. (A documentary) 4)  A TV program where people discuss different problems. (A talk show) 5) The media with the help of which people communicate with each other or can find the necessary information. (The  Internet) 6) New information about sports presented in a short TV programme ( Sports news) 7) A programme about weather. (A weather forecast) 8) An intellectual programme with a lot of questions on different topics. (A quiz) - Right you are. It’s a quiz. Do you like quizzes? - Yes, I do/ No, I don’t. - Have you ever taken part in a quiz? - Yes, I have/ No, I haven’t - Let’s listen to the dialogue where the speakers answer the questions of the quiz. Be attentive. What was the last question? - Do you like salad? - Very good. Open your books, please. P.69 ex. 28… Заключительный этап урока	T- Cl

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Дата: 15.02.10

Класс: 8 «Б»

Тема: A Book Is the Wisdom From Five Centuries.

Цели:

1. Продолжить работу по закреплению лексики по теме «A Book Is the Wisdom From Five Centuries» и местоимений whenever, whatever, however, whoever, wherever.

2. Продолжить работу по развитию  навыков  аудирования, диалогической речи, логического мышления.

3. Обеспечить расширение кругозора  о разновидностях книг.

4. Продолжить работу по воспитанию нравственных качеств: уважительному отношению к книгам, как к источникам ценной информации.

Оборудование: учебник, РТ, запись, магнитофон, доска.

этап	время	СУМ	МФП
I II 1                                 2                                             3         III	3’                                       12’	Организационный этап урока Основное содержание урока -…Now you’ll listen to the dialogue between a reporter and a well- known American producer. Who wants to read for the reporter (Mr Marlow)? Read,please. - Which book are you reading now? - ‘Seven Pillars of Wisdom’ by T.E. Lawrence,etc. - Your future H/t will be to learn this dialogue by heart. And what about you? What is your favourite writer? - My favourite writers are D. Dontsova, W. Shakespeare, A.C.Doyle, J. London, etc. - What is your favourite book? - My favourite books are ‘The Lord of the Rings’, ‘The Fire’,   ‘ A scandal in Bohemia’,etc. - What books would you take to a desert island? - I would take some detective stories, an encyclopedia/ the Bible to a desert island. - Which book has changed your life? - ‘The red-headed league’ has changed my life, etc. - As I’ve understood  most of you like to read detective stories. That’s why we’ll play a game.  Your  task is to find the murderer. One of you will be the inspector, others will be suspects. Draw a card, please. Now listen to me carefully ,please. Mr. Borrow was killed at his own home (18, Kensington Garden) at 9 p. m.  An inspector should interrogate everyone. Others should listen to the suspects’ answers, analyse the known facts and help the inspector to find the murderer. - What is your name? - My name is Amily Smith  . - What were you doing at 9 p. m. yesterday? - I was visiting  my friends( The Dunkans) at 6 p.m. At 10.00 p.m. I was coming home/ - Do you have any witness? - My witness is Sue Dunkan. - What was your attitude to Mr Borrow? - I was his  fair lady. - What is your name? - My name is David Foll. - What were you doing at 9 p. m. yesterday?, etc - Who is the murderer? - David Foll is the murderer. - Great. You’ve just taken part in detective story. Of course, you know there are other types of books. Look at p. 92 ex.73, please. You should match the types of books with the given definitions. Who wants to start? - The Bible is the holy book of Christians, etc. Заключительный этап урока	T- P1, 2,n

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Дата: 30.01.10

Класс: 8 «Б»

Тема: The Radio Host

Цели:

1. Продолжить работу по закреплению  лексики по теме «The Radio Host».

2. Продолжить работу по развитию  навыков аудирования, монологической  речи, логического мышления.

3. Обеспечить расширение кругозора  о работе радиоведущего.

4. Продолжить работу по воспитанию  нравственных качеств: уважительному  отношению к работникам сферы массовой информации.

Оборудование: учебник, РТ, запись, магнитофон.

этап	время	СУМ	МФП
I II III 1         2                               3 4	10’	Организационный этап урока Основное содержание урока Заключительный этап урока - So, today we’ve talked about radio programmes. You’ve tried to be the radio host and start your own talk show. Maybe you’ll work for the radio in the future. What other professions do you know? - A surgeon, an engineer, an accountant, a teacher, etc. - Very good. Your task is to choose any profession and write it on a sheet of paper. Your classmates must ask you questions and guess your profession. Who wants to start? Come to the board, please. Ask him/ her, please. -  Is it well-paid? - No, it isn’t. -  Is it stressful? - Yes, it is. -  Do you have to know foreign languages? -  Yes, I do. -  What is your profession connected with? - It’s connected with education. - Are you a teacher of English? - Yes, I’m. - Very well. Who wants to be the next? -... - Your marks for today are… -The lesson is over. See you.	P1-P2,3,n

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Дата: 02.02.10

Класс: 8 «Б»

Тема: What Are the Articles About?

Цели:

1. Продолжить работу по закреплению  лексики по теме «What Are the Articles About?».

2. Продолжить работу по развитию  навыков  монологической речи, логического мышления, антиципации.

3. Обеспечить расширение кругозора  о разновидностях новостей, издаваемых  в прессе.

4. Продолжить работу по воспитанию  нравственных качеств: ответственному  отношению к выбору читаемой  прессы.

Оборудование: учебник, РТ, доска, карточки.

этап	время	СУМ	МФП
I II 1                   2                                               3                         III	3’                               15’	Организационный этап урока Основное содержание урока -…As you know there are some kinds newspapers in Britain and some kinds of news. The headlines should correspond to the style of the articles. At previous lesson you matched the headlines with the kinds of news. Now I want you to predict what these articles are about. You have 3 minutes to think. Are you through? Let’s start. - ‘Home and Away’ may be about a journey made by one of the students to another country. - ‘False Starts’ may be about some mistakes made by sportsmen, etc. - Very good. Now we’ll read the article ‘ The Kangaroo’. It’s really about these animals. Your task is to correct the mistakes in bold words changing only one letter. You may use the dictionaries. You have 15 minutes to work. Are you through? Let’s test. -  Kangaroos give (live) in Australia. Female kangaroos have pouches where baby kangaroos, called joeys, can need and sleep. A joey crawls into its bother’s (mother’s) pouch after birth and stays there for about 190 pays (days) before leaving the pouch for short periods of time. Animals with pouches are called marsupials. They have large hand (hind) legs and stall (small) front legs. They use their front legs to mean (lean) forward and to fat (eat). Their hand (hind) legs, which are very lung and strong, help them to pump (jump) around 8 meters. Many kangaroos are filled (killed) every year in Australia. There are two reasons for this. The first reason is that they fat (eat) lots of grass that livestock normally fat (eat), so farmers shout (shoot) the kangaroos. The second reason is kangaroo mean (meat) is used for pat (pet) food, so hunters fill (kill) them and sell their meal (meat). There are swill (still) plenty of kangaroos in Australia but kangaroo livers (lovers) think shouting (shooting) kangaroos is cruel. What do you think? - Great. So we’ve read Australian news. Now we’ll read some more articles. P. 87 ex. 5. You’ll be split into 3 groups. The first row will read the first article, the second row- the second article, the third row- the third article. You have 3 minutes to skim through the texts. Are you through? What kinds of news are in each of these 3 articles? - The first article contains local news as it explains for teenagers where to apply for the necessary information. - The second article contains international news as it’s about relations between 2 countries. - The third article has national news as it’s about a foundation which is necessary for the Russian people… Заключительный этап урока	P1,2.n