Автор: Пользователь скрыл имя, 06 Февраля 2013 в 17:44, курс лекций
Lexicology (from Gr lexis ‘word’ and logos ‘learning’) is the part of linguistics dealing with the vocabulary of the language and the properties of words as the main units of language.
The term vocabulary is used to denote the system formed by the sum total of all the words and word equivalents that the language possesses.
The term word denotes the basic unit of a given language resulting from the association of a particular meaning with a particular group of sounds capable of a particular grammatical employment. A word therefore is simultaneously a semantic, grammatical and phonological unit.
THE SUGGESTED SCHEME OF LEXICOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
I. Etymology of the words. Identify native and foreign words in the text (of Greek. Latin, French, Italian, Spanish, Russian etc, origin). Determine the type of assimilation (phonetic, grammatical, lexical), the degree of assimilation (complete, partial, lack of assimilation).
II. Word-formation. Find productive and non-productive ways of word-formation in the text. Find derived and compound words in the text Determine the type of word-derivation (affixation or conversion). State morphemic structure of the derived words, types of morphemes Determine the type of compound words (compound proper, derivational compounds, words of secondary derivation). Find other cases of word formation in the text.
III. Free-word groups. Pick out from the text some free word-groups, determine their type according to the syntactic connection between the components. Classify the selected free word-groups according to the part of speech the head-word belongs to. Define the context (grammatical, lexical) for the headword in the selected word-groups.
IV. Phraseological Units. Find the phraseological units in the text. Making use of semantic, contextual and functional classifications of phraseological units define their types.
V. Semantics. Define the meanings of words in free word-groups which you selected for the analysis. Using the dictionary state whether the words are used in their main or derived meanings. Determine the context (lexical or grammatical) which helps to actualise the meaning of tile polysemantic words