Analyze of present Kazakhstan’s position

Management and organizational structure of the hotel must meet a number of specific criteria for defining its optimality. These include:

• the shortest path from the level of the control system to a managed object;

• the optimal number of stages and links;

• the smallest number of "inputs" and "outputs" of each link;

• a clear structure of management activities for each link;

• There is no duplication of work.

One which is optimal for all situations, management structure now exists. The relative effectiveness of any type of structure is determined by various external and internal conditions, and policies that should take.

In developing the management structure is important to examine the specifics of organizational relationships and is based on this work out recommendations for a rational management structure.

The basic types of hotel enterprise management structures: hierarchical (bureaucratic, rigid) and organic (flexible).

 

2. RESEARCH STRATEGY

Research strategy can be divided into quantitative or qualitative. (Cooper and Schindler, 2003)The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of managing through assertiveness skills. Assertiveness - the ability to express youself as a manager and enjoy their human rights without oppression manager subordinates. Appropriate integrity, openness and honest communication, with which is deepening and expressive. Acting assertive, you will feel more confident and be able to win the respect of the other managers and employees. This will help you to develop good professional relationships and feel more confident as a manager. This will improve your self-control in everyday situations in the management of people. This, in turn, will improve your decision making ability and increase your chances of getting what you want to achieve in their work.

Assertiveness - a way of thinking and behavior, which allows the manager to defend their views, while respecting the views of others. These people are not afraid to face the problem, while not focusing on the problem, and the decision-making. Non assertive managers are often passive or aggressive. Passive managers do not remain faithful to his views and are more likely to allow others to interfere, rather than to defend their point of view. They are so anxious to be loved and accepted, and that they cannot think of the need to defend their point of view. On the other hand, aggressive managers often tend to defend their point of view and methods to achieve their goals, but do not notice the achievements of others. In addition, aggressive managers insist that their feelings, their jobs and their point of view are dominant and pressure on all employees. They also tend to blame others for your problems instead of offering solutions.

Many business men feel that they lack assertiveness. If you are one of these people, then it is time to change it. Maybe right now you are not as assertive as they could be. Assertiveness should be developed. You can become more assertive, to deepen their understanding of the concepts and practicing assertiveness assertive behavior.

Fig 3.1

Research strategies

 

3. DATA COLLECTION METHODS

In оrder tо аnswer the questions in this research, the researcher used bоth primаry and secоndary data.  Fоr gathering secоndary dаta, the cоllected and analyzed secоndary datа prоvide the researcher tо analyze mоre deep and determine the current trend in hоtel management аnd alsо to develоp the research apprоach and analysis.

The primary data have tо be thоroughly cоllected for be аssure thаt it will be аccurate, unbiased, and relevant tо the purpоse of this research. (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010). In оrder to cоllect the primary datа in this research, the аuthоr designs tо use bоth qualitative аnd quantitative dаta tо collect primary data. 

CHAPTER 4

DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDING

 

1.  INTRODUCTION

 

In the framework of the concept of development of tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan provides for five years to create a competitive tourism industry for employment, sustainable growth the country's income through increased inbound and outbound tourism, as well as transformation of Kazakhstan into a tourism hub of the Central Asian region.

Within the cluster initiatives particularly important is the ability to attract investment for the development of tourist infrastructure.

Conditions will be created for the construction of a network of hotels, caravanserai on the Great Silk Road and other major tourist routes.

Based on the proposals on investment there were generated base in the regional context. In the initial phase were collected and analyzed 90 investment projects. Of these, 11 were selected by the most relevant for a total of 386 million U.S. dollars, which aim to provide state support to Sustainable Development Fund "Kazyna".

The Concept of creation of modern multifunctional tourist centers of the world level in Almaty, Akmola and Mangistau regions, which was endorsed by the Heads of State and Government. Planned total investment for these projects over 30 billion U.S. dollars.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATION, AND LIMITATION

 

1. CONCLUSION

 

  

Tourism in our country, thanks to its high efficiency, is now regarded as one of the priorities of the national economy. In order to ensure sustainable development of the tourism industry developed and defined a unified state policy in the sphere of tourism Relying on the legislative framework of the Republic, and guided Service regulations, the Committee of the Ministry of Tourism and Sports education, culture and health care as the authority responsible state management in the sphere of tourism, together with other relevant ministries and agencies, has developed a Strategic program for development of the sector up to 2030 and the State Program "Revival of the historic centers of the" Silk Road ", the preservation and successive development of the cultural heritage of Turkic states, creation of tourism infrastructure. " Tourism, as a socio-economic subsystem is interconnected with such institutions as the "economy", "society", "Ecological environment." Effective system of "tourism" is not possible without the cooperation of other sectors of the economy. Therefore, the rationale for government regulation of tourism development based on the study of the current state of the tourist market, analysis of the role of tourism in the economy, especially tourism consumption and specific tourism products, its impact on other sectors of the economy, in particular, on the ecological status and socio-cultural development country.

The scale and importance of tourism indicate his membership in strategic sectors of the economy that require direct government regulation in order to ensure the proportionality of regional and sectoral economic complexes inform policies of employment, revenue growth and management of the balance of payments.            

Both programs are approved by the Presidential Decree and The Government. In order to revive the Kazakh section of the "Great Silk Road "was created JSC" National Company "The Silk Road - Kazakhstan", which is to ensure that existing necessary scientific and industrial potential.

In order to improve the quality of services for the tourist organizations produced a number of regulations, including the position on the management of tourist groups, Standard contract between the firm and tourist position on charter flights, the draft treaty on insurance tourist life and property. Developed regulatory framework of tourism, Kazakhstan's membership in the World Tourism Organization (WTO),presence of co-operation agreements with other countries are reliable tool for the industry.             

The economy is now Kazakhstan is an important tourism place. One of the priorities of the Government of the target program "The development of tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan" is to become a highly effective and competitive tourism industry.

The program includes: establishment of legal base, the formation of the modern domestic tourist market, increasing specialization and cooperation in tourism enterprises, ensuring conditions for the development of various types of domestic and inbound tourism, the development of international cooperation in the field of tourism as well as address a series of problems in the field of training for the industry.       

The work on the coordination of regional offices of tourism and sport provides practical assistance to tourism organizations to the quality of tourist services. Organize meetings of tour operators with the heads of ministries and those engaged agencies such as the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of Interior, National Security Committee, The State Committee for the Protection of State boundaries, leading airlines of the Republic. The country has a unique combination of resources stereotypes meet tourist demand. In the country allocated 80 major landscape-recreational zones for different functional purpose, various capacities and the ease, suitable for year-round recreation and tourist activities.

Currently tourism attracts much attention in Kazakhstan, a country with great potential for tourism, but occupies a small proportion (1.5%). In the world tourist flow interest to tourism in Kazakhstan is expressed primarily in the form of legal support State of business. Tourism in the Republic of Kazakhstan is a priority in the development of modern high tourist complex on the basis of which will be provided with the conditions for the development of further international cooperation in the field of tourism. Tourism - a huge source of revenue for the state budget. Tourism plays an important role in the economic development of the country. A large number of visiting the country, stimulate the production of goods and services.

 

In the development of tourism, especially international, would make it possible to increase the inflow of foreign currency, replenishment, reducing unemployment and expanding job market, increasing incomes and living standards, and ultimately prosperity and sustainable development of the Republic of Kazakhstan.

For the development of high-quality and high-yield tourism requires commitment from local authorities, the efforts to create a business travel services, tourism infrastructure development, as well as to expand the list of countries with a simplified visa and registration system       

Kazakhstan is rich in resources for the organization adventure tours: sports and trekking, mountaineering, rock climbing, paragliding, mountain and plain skiing, skating canoe. Kazakhstan has excellent opportunity to open the mountain hotels and sports facilities and spa resorts. In Almaty region, for example, established and successfully operates International Mountaineering Camp "Khan Tengri". On the inland mountain the rivers, the lakes Alakol Zaisan, Balkhash, and on the Buhtarminsky Kapchagai reservoirs and is actively developing Caspian boating.

The development of tourism as a full-fledged economic sector involves implementation of radical change in the public's consciousness and psychology. Considering the problems on the industry, it should be recognized and fully the lack of scientific support of its development, because we do not have sufficient scientific institutions that would be involved in integrated predicting long-term development and the territorial organization tourism. Few attempts in this regard do not allow us to say enough professional level, which is primarily due to the lack of appropriate training system for the industry. The country where Tourism was given a secondary place, underrate its possibilities in the cultural and spiritual development of the population, to strengthen interpersonal relationships, political, economic and cultural contacts, it is important to organize a proper education for the general the public, begins at school, training, develop and implement measures to raise the profile of tourism professionals. Visible industry’s prospects are encouraging. Experts predict a further increase in the values ​​of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the world tourist market. However, dreaming about the effective use of the tourism potential of the country will remember the main and urgent task - create a modern infrastructure sector and, above all, the sector of accommodation that meets international standards.  

It can be concluded that the formation of a market economy in Kazakhstan have increased interest in the development of the tourism industry. Currently, a condition for the functioning of a modern highly competitive tourist complex for providing ample opportunities to meet the needs of local and foreign citizens in the various travel services.

 

 

 

 

2. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FURTHER IMPROVEMENT IN HOTEL INDUSTRY IN KAZAKHSTAN

 

Now tourism as one of the fastest growing sectors of the economy is of particular importance in improving the economic potential of the regional territorial system. In turn, personnel policies contribute to realizing the potential of the tourism industry, especially in a market economy. It is necessary to be able to respond to frequently changing requirements and needs of the tourism industry. Qualification of personnel depends on the quality of service in the tourist centers, hotels, restaurants, etc. The cluster approach to the economy of Kazakhstan is a relatively new tool for the development of the market. For example, in the framework of developing promising tourist industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2010-2014. project will be implemented in 2013 to create a tourism cluster along the transport corridor "Western Europe - Western China". This project involves the creation of accommodation facilities and road infrastructure, centers of recreation, entertainment and service. Tourism cluster is a collaboration of organizations in different fields. The structure of the cluster are the subjects of tourism industry (travel agencies, tourist centers, hotels), transport (bus stations, buses, taxi services), medical (hospitals, clinics, health centers), education (schools, secondary vocational schools), financial credit (banks, funds ) and other organizations. They all combine to form a single integrated tourist product area. It would not have had the infrastructure and material - technical base of tourism, without adequate staff, it will not be able to progress. The very presence of personnel contributes to increasing the size of the tourist market. Tourist market requires competent managers, instructors, guides and interpreters, nurses, waiters.

Promotion of tourist product on the market of tourist services is made on the basis of market research through online advertising.

Internet - is unprecedented in scale advertising space. Potential consumers of advertising are more than 70 million people using the Internet and its possibilities.

Internet advertising company is very effective both in and abroad. The computer in our country has become firmly established in the everyday life of business offices and government agencies. Many companies use the services of e-mail and Internet search. Data available about the company, including advertising firms, primarily raises the image of the advertiser and are interested in the highly organized business, companies - potential partners, and most importantly - intermediaries that specialize in carefully kept under review computer space, announcements and offers of cooperation and direct selling products in their local market. This is a great way to promote your product to the world market.

Targeted search for the required information and market research has been done with many different electronic catalogs and directories, structured according to various criteria. Many of them are powerful database systems consisting of 30-50 addresses.

The most powerful the information search engine Alta Vista Company Digital Equipment. Search for information on the criteria to use it only takes a few seconds. The rapid development of the Internet is gradually changing attitudes and travel companies to advertising. For example, some European travel agencies started to reduce the volume of published newspaper advertising, preferring placing their information on the Internet. Instead of large advertisements in newspapers are now often found small blocks with address information on the web. However, many tourism companies in Europe see the wide spread of the Internet threat to their business.

 

3. LIMITATIONS OF THE RESEARCH

 

Today there are a number of problematic issues that would achieve the goal - the development of Kazakhstan as an international tourist center with a developed system of service and infrastructure:

1) The lack of development of the tourism and transport infrastructure. The low material base of accommodation facilities such as: hotels, boarding houses, and recreation centers, as well as spa facilities, a high degree of moral and physical deterioration. To date, the scale of tourism, types, quality and supply of accommodation for tourists not meet international requirements.

2) The low level of service and the inaccessibility of iconic historical sites. Given that tourism is directly linked to the state of the transport infrastructure, the essential problem is the limited geography of passenger air and rail transport, the lack of flexible benefits and discounts on tickets of all types of transport for group tours for domestic tourists as well as for tourists entering;

3) The low level of training, retraining and skills development and the lack of scientific basis of tourism. One of the major problems hindering the development of tourism, tourism is the lack of specialized personnel in the serving area. This applies not only to the problem of lack of qualified staff at the facilities of the tourism industry, but also to the quality of training for the tourism industry. It is not just about tourism manager, but also the operating personnel.

4) The low quality of services in the tourism industry. The problem is linked to the previous one because of poor quality in the serving area leads to poor quality of services provided at the facilities of the tourism industry. In addition, it refers to the period of issuance of tourist visas to Kazakhstan, registration procedures, customs and immigration of foreign tourists. As the concept of the Graduate School of Hotel and Restaurant Service in Lausanne - the world-renowned institution, which for over a hundred years preparing hotel managers "in the field of tourism and hotel services can handle the kind of person who feels the need to provide services to another man, and from this, extremely gets satisfaction. " But this need not arise out of nothing. If between the concepts of "service" and "Administering" set bold equal sign, maids and bellhops in hotels Soviet model went to the expression of Queen, and to ask for clean towels, we had to make an appointment, the philosophy of hospitality is uncertain. Of course, this is not all, but a lot of it with the "baggage" - the conviction entered in the market economy.

 

4. LINKING RESEARCH FINDINGS WITH RESEARCH QUESTIONS, AIMS AND OBLECTIVES

 

An image reality of Kazakhstan in the field of tourism should serve as a territorial resource and a source of competitive advantage. In this case, it is fundamentally important realization that such an understanding in the center of the country's competitiveness is not only competitive products, but rather the country as a certain "symbolic value". Getting in the information environment, influenced by information and communication technology is a "symbolic value" to become part of the image of the state and becomes a very real assessed value. Initially, these models were arranged in a competitive business, where a positive image of a company has become a source of enormous additional profits.

However, the level of development of post-industrial society has led to an increase of information and symbolic aspects in all areas of public life. In particular, this is reflected in unlimited export of the world economy (export almost everything: education, health, justice, culture, tradition, lifestyle, and so on).This fully applies to the tourist region as one of the symbolic consumption of world public opinion. Thus, the presence of the tourist image of the country in the global information space is becoming one of the key components of the competitiveness of the state.

World practice of image of country in tourism shows its economic and political efficacy. First of all, it creates opportunities for the formation of the country's competitiveness in the field of tourism and support the national business.

Creating a positive tourist image of the country can pursue different goals. Some regions are only on the way to create a positive image, while others need only small efforts to promote their cultural (in the broadest sense) potential as a valuable asset and an important component to maintain their competitive advantage.

One way or another, but the key element of the country's image in general it serves its tourist attraction. It inherently involves a number of components that determine the high competitiveness of the region (for example, a high level of safety, service, developed infrastructure, by a strong cultural heritage, etc.).

 

As the foundation for the tourism image of the country should adhere to certain methodological principles. Thus, among these principles is the following:

1. Tourist image reflects not only the natural or historical and cultural monuments, it also formed part of a social group, which is due to image that spreads its influence.

2. In other words, the image of a country largely depends on its perception of its own citizens. That is why the image of the state should be specific, a common and understandable.

3. The tourist image of the country is largely dependent on what material and spiritual values ​​it exports.

4. For all the variety of characteristics of the country, making it difficult imaging process, each state has its own rod (core) or base image. It is the foundation, which provides a representation of image-making of the country. Subject to the successful determination of the base image, it provides the further separation and the production of secondary and supporting images.

5. The process of creating an image is to be active and purposeful. This allows updating of desirable and important for the perception of the target audience of the differences of the state and the "blurring" of its characteristics, which have a negative connotation.

6. Central place in the tourism image of the country in the context of globalization must take characters that are responsible for the individualized, unique. In this case, the main task will be to transfer the individual characters of the regional language common values ​​to make a clear image of the target audience.

7. Important methodological imperative tourist image of the country should be a romantic and heroic intentions of its past and present. The region should be proud of their achievements in different spheres of life.

Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the contribution of the tourism image of the state in the formation of its competitiveness is determined by the property to activate the internal potential of the territory, not only material but also cultural. Convert it into an important reputational resource, providing an overall perception of the country and its competitiveness in the long term.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

BIBLIOGRAPHY

 

            Avdeev V.V. Personnel management: technology of instruction: A manual [text] / V.V. Avdeev - Moscow: Finance and Statistics, 2003. -554p

            Averyanov B. Way to the Stars at [Text] / B. Averyanov. - Sochi, 2000.-231 p.

            Azar VI Mists CIO. The economy of the tourist market, the textbook [Text] / VI Azar, SJ Fog-M., 1998.-315s.