Автор: Пользователь скрыл имя, 01 Апреля 2011 в 13:46, контрольная работа
During the life every person is more or less connected with various organizations; there is no organization without people, there no people which are not connected with an organization. Here we will speak about a business organization (a commercial enterprise), exercising the function of managing production, distribution and sale of goods and services for the buyers’ benefit and sellers’ profit. If a group of people wants to form of an organization, they should consider the following conditions: a) presence of at least two persons; b) presence of at least one general goal; c) presence of a team of members who have intention to work together in order to achieve this general goal.
In conclusion, poor cross cultural awareness has many consequences, some serious others comical. It is imperative that in the global economy cross-cultural awareness is seen as a necessary investment to avoid such blunders as we have seen above.
1. What levels are there in the process of intercultural learning?
2. What a re the roots of cross-culture differences?
3. Are there any universal principles to deal with cross-cultural problems?
4. What is a crucial task of management in multinational environment?
5. How can you explain the concept of ‘glocalization’?
6. How do managerial principles differ in north-American and north-west European cultures on the one hand, and in Latin south-European and south- American cultures, on the other hand?
7. What is the difference between Protestant cultures and Latin and Asian countries?
8. Why is the American concept of pay-for-performance unpopular in Italy, and in Asia?
9. Why the idea of “matrix management” doesn’t work in France?
10. Why do ‘universalists’ disapprove of ‘particularists’?
11. What things can be of potential hazard when you are dealing with people of other cultures?
12. What can be a measure of your success when you are abroad? Why?
13. What you should do and shouldn’t do while you are on business abroad?
14. What was the reason for appearance of the concept of cross-cultural management?
15. In what situations do you become aware of your own culture? Why?
16. What does a “culture shock” mean? Give your examples?
17. What does cross-cultural management teach people?
18. How to cope with cultural issues when your company is coming into a new culture?
19. What does “walking around” style of management mean? Do you think it useful or not?
20. How do relationships between a manger and employees differ in Russia from those in western cultures?
22. What consequences can a poor understanding of cross- cultural differences lead to?
23. Why is the awareness of cross-cultural differences so important in present global economy?
24. Can you give some examples of misunderstandings in cross-cultural relations?
Vocabulary to Unit10
1. unawareness n неосторожность, опрометчивость
2. observation n высказывание, замечание, наблюдение
3. tolerance n терпимость, толерантность
4. distrust n недоверие, сомнение, подозрение
5. suspicion n подозрение; Syn.: doubt
6. defense mechanism защитный механизм
7. predisposition n предрасположение, склонность
8. close ranks сомкнуть ряды
9. collaborative adj. общий, объединенный, совместный
Syn.: combined
10. management by objectives управление по целям, целевое управление
11. lose face ударить лицом в грязь, потерять престиж, быть униженным
12. quantify v определять количество, измерять, мерить
13. ambiguity n неопределенность, неясность, двусмысленность
14.aggressive manager энергичный, предприимчивый менеджер
15. on the contrary наоборот
16. accord n одобрение, согласие, договоренность
17. assertive adj. 1)чрезмерно настойчивый, самоуверенный
18. matrix management матричное руководство
19. precedence n превосходство, старшинство, ранг, приоритет
23. hazard n риск, опасность
24. offensive adj. обидный, оскорбительный
25.convention n собрание, соглашение, договоренность; правила поведения
26. empower v поручить, давать возможность; оказывать поддержку
27. obey orders подчиняться, повиноваться приказам
28. be condensed быть сжатым, кратким
29. go a bomb потерпеть провал, фиаско
30. equate v уравнивать, считать равным, приравнивать
31. be deprived of быть лишенным чего-либо
32. expatriate n эмигрант, экспатриант, переселенец (в другую страну)
33. get rid of smth избавиться от чего-либо
34. come up with smth сравняться с (чем-л.); предлагать (план, проект)
35. blunder n грубая ошибка, промах, просчет
36. oil rig буровая установка
37. berate v бранить, ругать, поносить (кого-л.)
38. mob n толпа, сборище, большая группа людей
39. outraged adj. оскорбленный, взбешенный
40. chase v гнаться, преследовать
41. sales pitch партия товара
42. be at a standstill бездействовать
43. cultural gaffes - ошибки, оплошности при межкультурном общении
Syn: blunder
44. innocuous adj. безобидный, безвредный
45. flatten v 1)сглаживать; 2) снижать активность, становиться вялым
46. connotation n подтекст, скрытый смысл