КУРС  II

СЕМЕСТР I  

КОНТРОЛЬНАЯ РАБОТА

     1. Прочитайте и переведите  текст устно. Выпишите  предложения, относящиеся  к правилу согласования  времен, и переведите  их письменно на  русский язык.

  The Job Interview

     Jack Smith had a job interview a few days ago at the Insurance Company. The interview lasted almost an hour and Jack had to answer a lot of questions.

     First the interviewer asked Jack where he had gone to school and if he had had any special training. She also asked him where he had worked. Jack answered that he had graduated from a specialized mathematical school and a financial college and had worked for some bank. Jack also mentioned that his German was good. He answered all the questions well and he hoped he would get the job at the company.

     2. Выберите правильную форму глагола. Переведите предложения письменно на русский язык.

     1. If I have / will have enough time, I finish / will finish the report tonight. 2. If the machine will break down / breaks down, we contact / will contact your service engineer at once. 3. If your guarantee is / will be still valid, any repairs are carried out / will be carried out free of charge. 4. If they had made a lower bid last month, we would accept / would have accepted it immediately. 5. What would you do if you see / saw a colleague stealing substantial quantities of stationary from your office? 6. If you knew / had known how angry my boss gets, you would realize how I feel. 7. If they refuse / will refuse to pay up, we would send / will send them a threatening letter. 8. If I foresaw / had foreseen the extent of the damage, I would have checked all our insurance policies.

     3. Выберите правильный  вариант продолжения  предложенных предложений.  Переведите получившиеся  ситуации на русский  язык письменно.

     1. I don't have anything to smoke. 2. I don't have much time.      3. My computer is old and slow. 4. I'm lonely. 5. My job is really boring. 6. I don't understand English as well as I want. 7. My job pays really badly. 8. I don't like working late at night.

     А. I wish I earned more money. B. I wish I finished earlier. С. I wish I had a cigarette. D. I wish I had a more powerful one. E. I wish I had an interesting one. F. I wish I had more friends.

G. I wish I had more time. H. I wish I knew more people. I. I wish I knew something about cars. J. I wish I lived in a hotter country. K. I wish I lived in Paris. L. I wish I saved more money. M. I wish I understood it better. N. I wish I wasn't working. O. I wish I were a better cook. P. I wish it were possible as it is a country I love.

     4. Найдите вторую часть каждого предложения. Запишите получившиеся предложения и переведите их письменно на русский язык.

     1. If they hadn’t expanded so quickly, … 2. If they don’t install a new computer, … 3. If the software had been tested, …  4. If orders were not constantly delayed, … 5. If the phone lines were not overloaded, … 6. If there were not so many problems, … 7. If their products had been excellent, … 8. We are unable to supply the goods … 9. The machine should not be modified … 10. I’d feel very upset … 11. The fax machine wouldn’t have broken down …

     a) customers would be able to get through. b) customers wouldn’t complain. c) customers wouldn’t look for a more reliable supplier. d) if I lost my job. e) if it had been cooled down in time. f) many customers would have remained loyal. g) the system wouldn’t have broken down. h) they would have been able to cope with the volume of orders. i) things will get worse. j) unless a service engineer is present. k) until we receive payment in advance. 
 

     5. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужную форму. Переведите предложения письменно на русский язык.

     1. If we changed the packaging, people (not/recognize) the product. 2. If we give the product a new name, it (sound) more interesting. 3. If we (lower) the price, it would reduce our profits too much. 4. If we (print) a better brochure, we will attract more interest.     5. If we (offer) free gifts, we will get more customers. 6. If we recruited more staff, we (be able) to sell to more outlets. 7. If we (advertise) more, it would increase our costs too much. 8. If we cut their commission, our sales people (not work) so hard.

     6. Выберите причастие, которое необходимо вставить в предложения. Переведите текст устно.

  Proposition 215

     Proposition 215 is a two-year-old law (1) ________ (intending/intended) to allow seriously ill people in California to use marijuana as medicine. Such ill people carry a doctor's note (2) ________ (verifying/verified) that they suffer from chronic pain or serious disease.

     Steve McWilliams is a person who uses marijuana daily to deal with constant pain (3) ________ (resulting/resulted) from several car accidents.

     Another person who was (4) ________ (delighting/delighted) when proposition 215 passed was Evan Keliher of San Diego. Keliher said it was (5) ________ (relieving/relieved) to use marijuana legally after thirty years of being a “closet marijuana smoker”. Keliher, who is a former Marine and (6) ________ (retiring/retired) school teacher, was diagnosed with glaucoma in the 1960s. He began to smoke pot in 1967 after hearing that it helped relieve intra-ocular pressure (7) ________ (causing/caused) by glaucoma. He had been using eye drops, but his eye sight was steadily (8) ________ (weakening/weakened). Doctors (9) ________ (treating/treated) him at that time predicted that he would be blind by now. Though he can no longer see in his left eye, his eyesight in his right eye is (9) ________ (amazing/amazed). He is so (10) ________ (satisfying/satisfied) with the results from marijuana that he wrote a book called, “Grandpa’s Marijuana Handbook”. Keliher wants to teach older people who are sick and (11) ________ (suffering/suffered) how to use marijuana.

     Still, there are many problems (12) ________ (facing/faced) law enforcement officers in California. Marijuana (13) ________ (growing/grown) for medicinal purposes is legal, but how much is necessary? Law enforcement officers feel it will take time for the medical marijuana law to be (14) ________ (enforcing/enforced) fairly.

     7. Перепишите предложения  и подчеркните  в них все неличные  формы глагола  (причастия, инфинитив,  герундий). Переведите предложения письменно на русский язык.

     1. We would like to contact someone in your company interested in our programme and sharing our ideas. 2. While introducing the guests to each other, the manager said a few kind words to each of them.          3. When planning your daily routine, don’t forget to leave time for rest. 4. Not knowing our partners’ point of view, we decided not to give a definite answer. 5. The plant equipped with modern machinery overfulfilled its plan every month. 6. Having looked through all the documents and letters received that day he called his secretary. 7. The talks between the two countries were conducted behind the closed doors, measures having been taken that no correspondent should receive any information. 8. The figures mentioned in his report were published in the latest scientific journal. 9. The goods having been loaded, the workers left the port. 10. One of the most noticeable features of air transport development is the big increase in the quantities of goods carried.         11. To learn two foreign languages at one and the same time isn’t easy. 12. To calculate the age of our planet is very difficult. 13. To calculate the age of our planet you must have knowledge in different branches of science. 14. Inkombank was the first in Russia to introduce new types of services. 15. A delegation is expected to arrive in the capital of the country to discuss the creation of a shipping line between the two countries. 16. The computer is known to be able to do computations in milliseconds. 17. Carrying out experiments requires patience. 18. They objected to being asked to wait. 19. Your having written the letter is really no excuse for your not having come on the fixed day.

     8. Переведите текст устно. Выпишите предложения с пропусками и заполните пропуски infinitive или ing-form глаголов, данных в скобках. Переведите выписанные предложения письменно на русский язык.

     It was unanimously agreed that we couldn’t afford (1) _______ (allow) our image to remain as bad as it is following the bad publicity we have had recently. Although we have repeatedly denied (2) _______ (lower) the quality of our main products, we have clearly failed            (3) _______ (convince) the general public of that. As a result, our competitors have managed (4) _______ (steal) several major customers.

           The Head of Marketing suggested (5) _______ (change) our advertising strategy completely. She said that, instead of (6) _______ (emphasize) how useful our products are, we should present them as fun to use. She added that she had been thinking of (7) _______ (use) a different agency anyway. The Sales Director agreed that we couldn’t risk (8) _______ (lose) any more customers. The Finance Director agreed that this appeared (9) _______ (be) the most sensible thing we could do in the circumstances, but pointed out that we needed to avoid (10) _______ (spend) any more on advertising than we currently do. The Head of Marketing  offered (11) _______ (prepare) a report on the types of campaign that might be best for us and agreed               (12) _______ (do) this within two days. We therefore decided              (13) _______ (meet) again to discuss the matter further at the end of the week.

     9. Переведите предложения письменно на русский язык, обращая внимание на пройденные грамматические конструкции и явления.

      1. Loan capital is more appropriate to firms operating in stable markets. 2. In advanced capitalist societies, advertising is a powerful instrument affecting demand in many markets. 3. Having examined the relationships between outputs and costs, we now show how the

behaviour of cots may be reflected in the supply curve. 4. Having calculated the programme, we paid attention to possible changes.           5. Having been repaired, the device began working much better. 6. In order to simplify the analysis we can consider two firms, one being representative of high-cost producers and the other of low-cost producers. 7. Taxes placed on goods and services are known as indirect taxes as opposed to direct taxes which are placed on income and wealth. 8. Discounting is the process of buying a security for less than its face value. 9. We have succeeded in entering a new competitive market.      10. The purpose of each business process is to offer each customer the right product or service. 11. The employers agreed to accept the terms of the pay deal. 12. It is impossible for us to accept these terms. 13. We expect interest rates to rise next week. 14. If incomes are rising, the demand for most goods and services tend to increase. 15. If money incomes rise by 5 per cent, but over the same period prices rise by 10 per cent, real income will have fallen. 16. If the market for our products expands, we will have a 20 per cent increase in turnover next year.       17. We would have to reduce our workforce if the bank refused to extend our credit. 18. If the government hadn’t introduced the tax incentive scheme, we would have faced serious financial difficulties. 19. If we installed new equipment, we would become more competitive. 20. He asked when the new programme would start.

     10. Внимательно прочитайте  текст и изучите  правила ведения  деловой корреспонденции  на английском  языке. 

Letter Writing

 

     There are various types of letters. They are: letters of complaints, letters asking for/giving information, letters of request, letters asking for/giving advice, letters of invitation, letters accepting/refusing an invitation, letters expressing congratulations/ thanks/regret/sympathy, letters giving news (narrative/descriptive), letters of apology, letters of application for a job, ect.

     A good letter should consist of:

     1. the correct greeting (Dear John, Dear Mrs. Newton, Dear Sir/Madam);

     2. an introduction in which we clearly state the reason we are writing;

     3. the main body in which we develop our subject, introducing each main point in separate paragraphs;

     4. a final paragraph in which we sum up what we talked about before or we express our wish for something to be done;

     5. an appropriate ending (Yours/Best Wishes, + name, Yours sincerely/Yours faithfully, + full name).

Paragraph Plan for Letters

     Greeting

     Introduction: Paragraph 1 reason(s) for writing

     Main body: Paragraphs 2, 3 development of the subject

     Conclusion: Final paragraph closing remarks

     (full) name

     Note: Friendly letters have only one address (yours) whereas formal letters have two (yours and the recipient’s). Friendly letters begin with Dear + name and end with Love, Yours, Best Wishes + name. Formal letters begin with a) Dear Sir/Madam and end with Yours faithfully + full name or b) Dear Mr/Mrs/Ms + surname and end with Yours sincerely + full name.

      The characteristics of formal style in letters are:

      – the greetings (Dear Mr Rydd, Dear Sir);

      – frequent use of passive voice;

      – formal language (complex sentences, non-colloquial English);

      – no abbreviated forms;

      – the closing remark (Yours sincerely,/Yours faithfully,

     Mary Hill).

      The characteristics of informal style in letters are:

      – the greeting (Dear John, Dear Mum);

      – informal language and style (idioms, colloquial English);

      – abbreviated forms, pronouns omitted;

     – the closing remark (Yours, Love, Best Wishes, Regards,

                       Michael).

     11. Отметьте следующие предложения как верные (True) или неверные (False), основываясь на информации о переписке на английском языке, данной в тексте задания 9. Исправьте неверные предложения и запишите их.

     1. Colloquial English can be used in formal letters. 2. You end a formal letter with “Yours, + first name”. 3. If you begin with “Dear Sir/Madam, you must end with “Yours faithfully”. 4. Abbreviated forms can be used in formal letters. 5. The introductory paragraph gives full details about the subject of the letter. 6. The Passive Voice is not appropriate in a formal style. 7. In the main body of the letter we state the reason we are writing. 8. You must write only your address in formal letters.

     12. В части В найдите предложения, заканчивающие письма, начало которых дано в части А. Запишите начало и окончание каждого письма. Переведите предложения письменно на русский язык. Укажите вид каждого письма, (например: letter of complaint), и стиль – деловое или неофициальное.

      A. 1. I am writing to complain about the items which I ordered from your catalogue last month. 2. I would be grateful if you could send me further information concerning your summer courses in computer programming. 3. I’m writing for your advice on a small problem I’ve got. 4. I am writing to apply for the post of junior manager. 5. I regret to inform you that you have not been accepted for the course. 6. I was pleased to get your letter, and I’ll tell you what I think you should do.

      B. A. I hope you will consider my application and I look forward to hearing from you. B. I hope that the matter will be resolved quickly and that my money will be promptly refunded. C. Hope my advice is useful, and let me know how everything turns out. D. I’m really anxious to hear your suggestion. Write soon. E. Thank you in advance for your help, and I look forward to hearing from you. F. Please do not hesitate to contact us again should you wish to reapply in the future. 

     13. Переведите письменно текст.

How to Write a Business Letter

 

     There are many different reasons for writing a business letter. However, most business letters follow some general guidelines as described below.

      Use block style - do not indent paragraphs. Include address of the person you are writing to at the top of the letter, below your company address. After the address, double space and include date. Double space (or as much as you need to put the body of the letter in the center) and include the salutation. Include Mr. for men or Ms for women, unless the recipient has a title such as Dr. State a reference reason for your letter (for example: "With reference to our telephone conversation..."). Give the reason for writing (for example: "I am writing to you to confirm our order..."). Make any request you may have (for example: "I would be grateful if you could include a brochure..."). If there is to be further contact, refer to this contact (for example: "I look forward to meeting you at..."). Close the letter with a thank you (for example: "Thank you for your prompt help..."). Finish the letter with a salutation (for example: "Yours sincerely,"). Include 4 spaces and type your full name and title. Sign the letter between the salutation and the typed name and title. Keep the letter brief and to the point. Do not use shortened verb forms – write them out (for example: "don't instead of do not"). Always keep a copy of correspondence for future reference.

     14. Вставьте пропущенные слова в деловое письмо. В каждый пропуск необходимо вставить по одному слову.

     apologize  Dear  enclosed  forward  Further

     grateful  hesitate  regret  sincerely  wish 

Canda Components, Ltd.

15 Temple Way

Coventry

Tel: (01203) 475866

Fax: (01203) 642024 

Email: kenny@cheese.com 

Elizabeth Fordham 
Sales Manager 
Cheese Specialists Inc. 
456 Rubble Road 
Rockville, IL 896756      25 May 2006 

(1) __________ Ms Fordham, 

(2) __________ to your letter of 22 May, I would like to (3) __________ for the confusion surrounding your order for components. This has occurred because you have ordered some components from our old catalogue and I (4) __________ to inform you that these have been withdrawn from sale. Please find (5) __________ a copy of our current catalogue showing the replacement models.