Basic concepts of Artificial Intelligence

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. It is related to the similar task of using computers to understand human intelligence, but AI does not have to confine itself to methods that are biologically observable. We know that intelligence is the computational part of the ability to achieve goals in the world. Varying kinds and degrees of intelligence occur in people, many animals and some machines. Nowadays there has not been a solid definition of intelligence that doesn't depend on relating it to human intelligence yet. The intelligence isn’t a single thing so that one can ask a “yes” or “no” to question “Is this machine intelligent or not?'', because Intelligence involves mechanisms, and AI research has discovered how to make computers carry out some of them and not others. If doing a task requires only mechanisms that are well understood today, computer programs can give very impressive performances on these tasks. Such programs should be considered “somewhat intelligent''. Usually people think that Artificial intelligence about simulating human intelligence, but it is only in some case. On the one hand, we can learn something about how to make machines solve problems by observing other people or just by observing our own methods.